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Topological quantum computer — Wikipedia (en)

Source: Wikipedia (en)
Original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological_quantum_computer
License (as archived): CC-BY-SA-4.0
Archived: 2026-10-07T17:47:32.570Z
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Topological quantum computer — Wikipedia (en) — Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological_quantum_computer (CC-BY-SA-4.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_eacfd576f7ea (Metraipolis archive dc_eacfd576f7ea, sha256 8e3b365f8ecb5d98b0e676925c0ff2d8399b71f5f1c47b417b4b44f909807b91)

BibTeX

@misc{dceacfd576f7ea,
  title = {Topological quantum computer — Wikipedia (en)},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia (en)},
  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological_quantum_computer},
  note = {License CC-BY-SA-4.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_eacfd576f7ea; sha256 8e3b365f8ecb5d98b0e676925c0ff2d8399b71f5f1c47b417b4b44f909807b91},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC-BY-SA-4.0. Attribution: Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological_quantum_computer. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

A topological quantum computer is a type of quantum computer. It utilizes anyons, a type of quasiparticle that occurs in two-dimensional systems. The anyons' world lines intertwine to form braids in a three-dimensional spacetime (one temporal and two spatial dimensions). The braids act as the logic gates of the computer. The primary advantage of using quantum braids over trapped quantum particles is in their stability. While small but cumulative perturbations can cause quantum states to decohere and introduce errors in traditional quantum computations, such perturbations do not alter the topological properties of the braids. This stability is akin to the difference between cutting and reattaching a string to form a different braid versus a ball (representing an ordinary quantum particle in four-dimensional spacetime) colliding with a wall. It was proposed by Russian-American physicist Alexei Kitaev in 1997. While the elements of a topological quantum computer originate in a purely mathematical realm, experiments in fractional quantum Hall systems indicate that these elements may be created in the real world by using semiconductors made of gallium arsenide at a temperature of nearly absolute zero and subject to strong magnetic fields.

Tema degli esploratori: fisica e astronomia (deposito sistematico; categoria «Quantum information science»).
Fonte: Wikipedia in inglese, voce «Topological quantum computer» — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological_quantum_computer
Wikidata Q7825042 (dati Wikidata in CC0 1.0) — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825042
Autori: i contributori di Wikipedia (cronologia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological_quantum_computer?action=history).
Licenza: Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Il riuso richiede attribuzione e stessa licenza.
Estratto dell'introduzione non modificato nel contenuto; revisione 1378852896, consultata il 2026-10-07T17:17:54.680Z tramite l'API ufficiale di Wikipedia. Impronta SHA-256 dell'estratto: 4eabf9118fc73549a2afc4eae3a5c3fac4407654cb7ea6028f2b83a5c3ec7580