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Mitochondria — Wikipedia (en)

Source: Wikipedia (en)
Original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondria
License (as archived): CC-BY-SA-4.0
Archived: 2026-10-06T08:38:49.993Z
SHA-256 of the archived text: c80cf655f079dc04f34b2d7a7b01a6736d9452a47118e85b3ec4a043f92afaa6
Stable URL of this page: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_e7d8a42eb288

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Mitochondria — Wikipedia (en) — Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondria (CC-BY-SA-4.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_e7d8a42eb288 (Metraipolis archive dc_e7d8a42eb288, sha256 c80cf655f079dc04f34b2d7a7b01a6736d9452a47118e85b3ec4a043f92afaa6)

BibTeX

@misc{dce7d8a42eb288,
  title = {Mitochondria — Wikipedia (en)},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia (en)},
  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondria},
  note = {License CC-BY-SA-4.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_e7d8a42eb288; sha256 c80cf655f079dc04f34b2d7a7b01a6736d9452a47118e85b3ec4a043f92afaa6},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC-BY-SA-4.0. Attribution: Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondria. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

A mitochondrion (pl. mitochondria) is an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes, such as animals, plants and fungi. Mitochondria have a double membrane structure and use aerobic respiration to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used throughout the cell as a source of chemical energy. They were discovered by Albert von Kölliker in 1857 in the voluntary muscles of insects. The term mitochondrion, meaning "a thread-like granule", was coined by Carl Benda in 1898. The mitochondrion is popularly nicknamed the "powerhouse of the cell", a phrase popularized by Philip Siekevitz in a 1957 Scientific American article of the same name. Mitochondria are commonly between 0.75 and 3 μm2 in cross section, but vary considerably in size and structure. Unless specifically stained, they are not visible. The mitochondrion is composed of compartments that carry out specialized functions. These compartments or regions include the outer membrane, intermembrane space, inner membrane, cristae, and matrix. In addition to supplying cellular energy, mitochondria are involved in other tasks, such as signaling, cellular differentiation, and cell death, as well as maintaining control of the cell cycle and cell growth. Mitochondrial biogenesis is in turn temporally coordinated with these cellular processes. Mitochondria are implicated in human disorders and conditions such as mitochondrial diseases, cardiac dysfunction, heart failure, and autism. The number of mitochondria in a cell varies widely by organism, tissue, and cell type. A mature red blood cell has no mitochondria, whereas a liver cell can have more than 2000. Although most of a eukaryotic cell's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus, the mitochondrion has its own genome ("mitogenome") that is similar to bacterial genomes. This finding has led to general acceptance of symbiogenesis (endosymbiotic theory) – that free-living prokaryotic ancestors of modern mitochondria permanently fused with eukaryotic cells in the distant past, evolving such that modern animals, plants, fungi, and other eukaryotes respire to generate cellular energy.

Tema degli esploratori: scienze della vita e salute (deposito sistematico; ricerca «cell biology»).
Fonte: Wikipedia in inglese, voce «Mitochondria» — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondria
Wikidata Q39572 (dati Wikidata in CC0 1.0) — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39572
Autori: i contributori di Wikipedia (cronologia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondria?action=history).
Licenza: Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Il riuso richiede attribuzione e stessa licenza.
Estratto dell'introduzione non modificato nel contenuto; revisione 1378704169, consultata il 2026-10-06T08:19:39.305Z tramite l'API ufficiale di Wikipedia. Impronta SHA-256 dell'estratto: 9abf06fc2f97ff4887746b269ccae6b8ee033245afd413dc51e60abb3ffde13d