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Geospatial epidemiology of hospitalized patients with a positive influenza assay: A nationwide study in Iran, 2016-2018 — Europe PMC PMID:36512615

Source: Europe PMC (en)
Original: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36512615
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278900
License (as archived): CC0-1.0
Archived: 2026-10-09T23:44:53.981Z
SHA-256 of the archived text: e0a6d73b9c39ec81f705876b568e9ab07d8259904efeb4a6fbfb1b3086f73666
Stable URL of this page: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_e4278d08fc8a

How to cite

Geospatial epidemiology of hospitalized patients with a positive influenza assay: A nationwide study in Iran, 2016-2018 — Europe PMC PMID:36512615 — Europe PMC (en), https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36512615 (CC0-1.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_e4278d08fc8a (Metraipolis archive dc_e4278d08fc8a, sha256 e0a6d73b9c39ec81f705876b568e9ab07d8259904efeb4a6fbfb1b3086f73666)

BibTeX

@misc{dce4278d08fc8a,
  title = {Geospatial epidemiology of hospitalized patients with a positive influenza assay: A nationwide study in Iran, 2016-2018 — Europe PMC PMID:36512615},
  howpublished = {Europe PMC (en)},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36512615},
  note = {License CC0-1.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_e4278d08fc8a; sha256 e0a6d73b9c39ec81f705876b568e9ab07d8259904efeb4a6fbfb1b3086f73666},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC0-1.0. Attribution: Europe PMC (en), https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36512615. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

Introduction: Seasonal influenza is a significant public health challenge worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and spatial patterns of severe hospitalized influenza cases confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in Iran. Methods: Data were obtained from Iran's Ministry of Health and Medical Education and included all hospitalized lab-confirmed influenza cases from January 1, 2016, to December 30, 2018 (n = 9146). The Getis-Ord Gi* and Local Moran's I statistics were used to explore the hotspot areas and spatial cluster/outlier patterns of influenza. We also built a multivariable logistic regression model to identify covariates associated with patients' mortality. Results: Cumulative incidence and mortality rate were estimated at 11.44 and 0.49 (per 100,000), respectively, and case fatality rate was estimated at 4.35%. The patients' median age was 40 (interquartile range: 22-63), and 55.5% (n = 5073) were female. The hotspot and cluster analyses revealed high-risk areas in northern parts of Iran, especially in cold, humid, and densely populated areas. Moreover, influenza hotspots were more common during the colder months of the year, especially in high-elevated regions. Mortality was significantly associated with older age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.02), infection with virus type-A (aOR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.27-2.15), male sex (aOR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.44-2.18), cardiovascular disease (aOR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.33-2.20), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aOR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.40-2.34), malignancy (aOR: 4.77, 95% CI: 2.87-7.62), and grade-II obesity (aOR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.09-3.74). Conclusions: We characterized the spatial and epidemiological heterogeneities of severe hospitalized influenza cases confirmed by PCR in Iran. Detecting influenza hotspot clusters could inform prioritization and geographic specificity of influenza prevention, testing, and mitigation resource management, including vaccination planning in Iran.

Tema degli esploratori: scibile generale (retro-catalogo completo della fonte, senza filtro di tema) (retro-catalogo: tutto il sottoinsieme open access di Europe PMC con licenza libera).
Pubblicazione: PloS one, 2022 (prima pubblicazione 2022-12-13).
Identificativi: PMID 36512615 · PMCID PMC9747007 · DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0278900.
Descrittori MeSH principali: Influenza, Human.
Pagina: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/36512615 — https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278900. Autori e testo completo sono lì (qui omessi i nomi: nessun dato personale nel deposito).
Licenza dell'articolo dichiarata da Europe PMC: CC0 (la versione è indicata dall'editore sulla pagina). Abstract riportato senza modifiche al contenuto, con attribuzione; deposito marcato CC0.
Letto il 2026-10-09T22:49:26.877Z tramite l'API REST ufficiale di Europe PMC (EMBL-EBI), nel rispetto del robots.txt e del crawl-delay.