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Tonks–Girardeau gas — Wikipedia (en)

Source: Wikipedia (en)
Original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonks%E2%80%93Girardeau_gas
License (as archived): CC-BY-SA-4.0
Archived: 2026-10-07T23:35:45.803Z
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Tonks–Girardeau gas — Wikipedia (en) — Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonks%E2%80%93Girardeau_gas (CC-BY-SA-4.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_e3ce3dfd7bd9 (Metraipolis archive dc_e3ce3dfd7bd9, sha256 592740cf80237e3e655ef588e2d5467501acea88151f89f2b20315128a2ef57e)

BibTeX

@misc{dce3ce3dfd7bd9,
  title = {Tonks–Girardeau gas — Wikipedia (en)},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia (en)},
  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonks%E2%80%93Girardeau_gas},
  note = {License CC-BY-SA-4.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_e3ce3dfd7bd9; sha256 592740cf80237e3e655ef588e2d5467501acea88151f89f2b20315128a2ef57e},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC-BY-SA-4.0. Attribution: Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonks%E2%80%93Girardeau_gas. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

In physics, a Tonks–Girardeau gas is a Bose gas in which the repulsive interactions between bosonic particles confined to one dimension dominate the system's physics. It is named after physicists Lewi Tonks, who developed a classical model in 1936, and Marvin D. Girardeau who generalized it to the quantum regime. It is not a Bose–Einstein condensate as it does not demonstrate any of the necessary characteristics, such as off-diagonal long-range order or a unitary two-body correlation function, even in a thermodynamic limit and as such cannot be described by a macroscopically occupied orbital (order parameter) in the Gross–Pitaevskii formulation. The Tonks–Girardeau gas is a particular case of the Lieb–Liniger model.

Tema degli esploratori: fisica e astronomia (deposito sistematico; categoria «Condensed matter physics»).
Fonte: Wikipedia in inglese, voce «Tonks–Girardeau gas» — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonks%E2%80%93Girardeau_gas
Wikidata Q7821548: «Bose gas in which the repulsive interactions between bosonic particles confined to one dimension dominate the physics of the system» (dati Wikidata in CC0 1.0) — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7821548
Autori: i contributori di Wikipedia (cronologia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonks%E2%80%93Girardeau_gas?action=history).
Licenza: Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Il riuso richiede attribuzione e stessa licenza.
Estratto dell'introduzione non modificato nel contenuto; revisione 1326326162, consultata il 2026-10-07T23:14:46.450Z tramite l'API ufficiale di Wikipedia. Impronta SHA-256 dell'estratto: 1cbc46257ce738f057a35b6e0998b3a04857be828b418914d8bcc90d16bf29ab