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Polymorphism (biology) — Wikipedia (en)

Source: Wikipedia (en)
Original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphism_(biology)
License (as archived): CC-BY-SA-4.0
Archived: 2026-10-06T13:51:52.817Z
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Polymorphism (biology) — Wikipedia (en) — Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphism_(biology) (CC-BY-SA-4.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_e293b2ea269d (Metraipolis archive dc_e293b2ea269d, sha256 6fc7c432c9038625848cdd239569a81468a810e2929f7475c3403a33769633ae)

BibTeX

@misc{dce293b2ea269d,
  title = {Polymorphism (biology) — Wikipedia (en)},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia (en)},
  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphism_(biology)},
  note = {License CC-BY-SA-4.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_e293b2ea269d; sha256 6fc7c432c9038625848cdd239569a81468a810e2929f7475c3403a33769633ae},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC-BY-SA-4.0. Attribution: Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphism_(biology). Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

In biology, polymorphism is the occurrence of two or more clearly different morphs or forms, also referred to as alternative phenotypes, in the population of a species. To be classified as such, morphs must occupy the same habitat at the same time and belong to a panmictic population (one with random mating). Put simply, polymorphism is when there are two or more possibilities of a trait on a gene. For example, there is more than one possible trait in terms of a jaguar's skin colouring; they can be light morph or dark morph. Due to having more than one possible variation for this gene, it is termed 'polymorphism'. However, if the jaguar has only one possible trait for that skin colour, it would be termed 'monomorphic'. The term polyphenism can be used to clarify that the different forms arise from the same genotype. Genetic polymorphism is a term used somewhat differently by geneticists and molecular biologists to describe certain mutations in the genotype, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms that may not always correspond to a phenotype, but always corresponds to a branch in the genetic tree. See below. Polymorphism is common in nature; it is related to biodiversity, genetic variation, and adaptation. Polymorphism usually functions to retain a variety of forms in a population living in a varied environment. The most common example is sexual dimorphism, which occurs in many organisms. Other examples are mimetic forms of butterflies (see mimicry), and human hemoglobin and blood types. According to the theory of evolution, polymorphism results from evolutionary processes, as does any aspect of a species. It is heritable and is modified by natural selection. In polyphenism, an individual's genetic makeup allows for different morphs, and the switch mechanism that determines which morph is shown is environmental. In genetic polymorphism, the genetic makeup determines the morph. The term polymorphism also refers to the occurrence of structurally and functionally more than two different types of individuals, called zooids, within the same organism. It is a characteristic feature of cnidarians. For example, Obelia has feeding individuals, the gastrozooids; the individuals capable of asexual reproduction only, the gonozooids, blastostyles; and free-living or sexually reproducing individuals, the medusae. Balanced polymorphism refers to the maintenance of different phenotypes in population.

Tema degli esploratori: scienze della vita e salute (deposito sistematico; ricerca «evolutionary biology»).
Fonte: Wikipedia in inglese, voce «Polymorphism (biology)» — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphism_(biology)
Wikidata Q485680 (dati Wikidata in CC0 1.0) — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485680
Autori: i contributori di Wikipedia (cronologia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphism_(biology)?action=history).
Licenza: Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Il riuso richiede attribuzione e stessa licenza.
Estratto dell'introduzione non modificato nel contenuto; revisione 1371276314, consultata il 2026-10-06T12:12:57.167Z tramite l'API ufficiale di Wikipedia. Impronta SHA-256 dell'estratto: d44b68a7f78c14ade3e7c42513859239aef9bd52a2b79934e71b0e656478003f