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XDNA — Wikipedia (en)

Source: Wikipedia (en)
Original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XDNA
License (as archived): CC-BY-SA-4.0
Archived: 2026-10-08T00:25:01.437Z
SHA-256 of the archived text: f44cbb04d154ec00dedc4b5c4ea0f0e3135acb188fa72ddd39ed35062e8404e2
Stable URL of this page: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_d7700a81edb3

How to cite

XDNA — Wikipedia (en) — Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XDNA (CC-BY-SA-4.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_d7700a81edb3 (Metraipolis archive dc_d7700a81edb3, sha256 f44cbb04d154ec00dedc4b5c4ea0f0e3135acb188fa72ddd39ed35062e8404e2)

BibTeX

@misc{dcd7700a81edb3,
  title = {XDNA — Wikipedia (en)},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia (en)},
  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XDNA},
  note = {License CC-BY-SA-4.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_d7700a81edb3; sha256 f44cbb04d154ec00dedc4b5c4ea0f0e3135acb188fa72ddd39ed35062e8404e2},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC-BY-SA-4.0. Attribution: Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XDNA. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

xDNA (also known as expanded DNA or benzo-homologated DNA) is a size-expanded nucleotide system synthesized from the fusion of a benzene ring and one of the four natural bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. This size expansion produces an 8 letter alphabet which has a larger information storage capacity than natural DNA's (often referred to as B-DNA in literature) 4 letter alphabet. As with normal base-pairing, A pairs with xT, C pairs with xG, G pairs with xC, and T pairs with xA. The double helix is thus 2.4Å wider than a natural double helix. While similar in structure to B-DNA, xDNA has unique absorption, fluorescence, and stacking properties. Initially synthesized as an enzyme probe by Nelson J. Leonard's group, benzo-homologated adenine was the first base synthesized. Later, Eric T. Kool's group finished synthesizing the remaining three expanded bases, eventually followed by yDNA ("wide" DNA), another benzo-homologated nucleotide system, and naphtho-homologated xxDNA and yyDNA. xDNA is more stable when compared to regular DNA when subjected to higher temperature, and while entire strands of xDNA, yDNA, xxDNA and yyDNA exist, they are currently difficult to synthesize and maintain. Experiments with xDNA provide new insight into the behavior of natural B-DNA. The extended bases xA, xC, xG, and xT are naturally fluorescent, and single strands composed of only extended bases can recognize and bind to single strands of natural DNA, making them useful tools for studying biological systems. xDNA is most commonly formed with base pairs between a natural and expanded nucleobase, however x-nucleobases can also be paired together. Current research supports xDNA as a viable genetic encoding system in the near future.

Tema degli esploratori: scienze della vita e salute (deposito sistematico; categoria «Molecular biology»).
Fonte: Wikipedia in inglese, voce «XDNA» — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XDNA
Wikidata Q8041749 (dati Wikidata in CC0 1.0) — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8041749
Autori: i contributori di Wikipedia (cronologia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XDNA?action=history).
Licenza: Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Il riuso richiede attribuzione e stessa licenza.
Estratto dell'introduzione non modificato nel contenuto; revisione 1376730935, consultata il 2026-10-08T00:04:52.610Z tramite l'API ufficiale di Wikipedia. Impronta SHA-256 dell'estratto: a1c3b2cdc502b3af89dd9909b3a9543831ed8033fe28d611fd72090d6994e3c0