Metraipolis › archive › dc_ce28014e12a0

Arabic verbs — Wikipedia (en)

Source: Wikipedia (en)
Original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_verbs
License (as archived): CC-BY-SA-4.0
Archived: 2026-11-09T18:17:56.887Z
SHA-256 of the archived text: 590b3f7b805ee0b55c35f3b4d8e5a1c6de4a725c47dcba2fa769aadc75b09751
Stable URL of this page: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_ce28014e12a0

How to cite

Arabic verbs — Wikipedia (en) — Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_verbs (CC-BY-SA-4.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_ce28014e12a0 (Metraipolis archive dc_ce28014e12a0, sha256 590b3f7b805ee0b55c35f3b4d8e5a1c6de4a725c47dcba2fa769aadc75b09751)

BibTeX

@misc{dcce28014e12a0,
  title = {Arabic verbs — Wikipedia (en)},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia (en)},
  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_verbs},
  note = {License CC-BY-SA-4.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_ce28014e12a0; sha256 590b3f7b805ee0b55c35f3b4d8e5a1c6de4a725c47dcba2fa769aadc75b09751},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC-BY-SA-4.0. Attribution: Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_verbs. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

Arabic verbs (فِعْل fiʿl; pl. أَفْعَال afʿāl), like the verbs in other Semitic languages, and the entire vocabulary in those languages, are based on a set of two to five (but usually three) consonants called a root (triliteral or quadriliteral according to the number of consonants). The root communicates the basic meaning of the verb, e.g. ك-ت-ب k-t-b 'write', ق-ر-ء q-r-ʾ 'read', ء-ك-ل ʾ-k-l 'eat'. Changes to the vowels in between the consonants, along with prefixes or suffixes, specify grammatical functions such as person, gender, number, tense, mood, and voice. Various categories are marked on verbs: Three tenses (present, past; future tense is indicated by the prefix sa- or the particle sawfa and the present tense). Two voices (active, passive) Two genders (masculine, feminine) Three persons (first, second, third) Three numbers (singular, dual, plural) Six moods in the non-past only (indicative, subjunctive, jussive, imperative, and short and long energetics) Nineteen forms, the derivational systems indicating derivative concepts such as intensive, causative, reciprocal, reflexive, frequentative etc. For each form, there is also an active and a passive participle (both adjectives, declined through the full paradigm of gender, number, case and state) and a verbal noun (declined for case; also, when lexicalized, may be declined for number). Weakness is an inherent property of a given verb determined by the particular consonants of the verb root (corresponding to a verb conjugation in Classical Latin and other European languages), with five main types of weakness and two or three subtypes of each type. Arabic grammarians typically use the root ف-ع-ل f-ʿ-l to indicate the particular shape of any given element of a verbal paradigm. As an example, the form يتكاتب (root: ك-ت-ب) yutakātabu 'he is corresponded (with)' would be listed generically as يتفاعل yutafāʿalu (yuta1ā2a3u), specifying the generic shape of a strong Form VI passive verb, third-person masculine singular present indicative. The maximum possible total number of verb forms derivable from a root — not counting participles and verbal nouns — is approximately 13 person/number/gender forms; times 9 tense/mood combinations, counting the س- sa- future (since the moods are active only in the present tense, and the imperative has only 5 of the 13 paradigmatic forms); times 17 form/voice combinations (since forms IX, XI–XV exist only for a small number of stative roots, and form VII cannot normally form a passive), for a total of 1,989. Each of these has its own stem form, and each of these stem forms itself comes in numerous varieties, according to the weakness (or lack thereof) of the underlying root.

Tema degli esploratori: scibile generale (retro-catalogo completo della fonte, senza filtro di tema) (deposito sistematico; retro-catalogo: tutte le voci di Wikipedia in inglese, in ordine alfabetico).
Fonte: Wikipedia in inglese, voce «Arabic verbs» — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_verbs
Wikidata Q4783443: «verbs in the Arabic language» (dati Wikidata in CC0 1.0) — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4783443
Autori: i contributori di Wikipedia (cronologia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_verbs?action=history).
Licenza: Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Il riuso richiede attribuzione e stessa licenza.
Estratto dell'introduzione non modificato nel contenuto; revisione 1378837050, consultata il 2026-11-09T18:14:35.533Z tramite l'API ufficiale di Wikipedia. Impronta SHA-256 dell'estratto: 079e5f4f1c0482044fcb145b2485396d48ac359a76bd0ea886a0958d24bf67df