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Quantum computing — Wikipedia (en)

Source: Wikipedia (en)
Original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_computing
License (as archived): CC-BY-SA-4.0
Archived: 2026-10-05T22:57:17.852Z
SHA-256 of the archived text: 2afa914fc0786a71c1f65ba510f889d89412b8b59f2b058fe01a05f3fed81bdd
Stable URL of this page: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_c81250737cc4

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Quantum computing — Wikipedia (en) — Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_computing (CC-BY-SA-4.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_c81250737cc4 (Metraipolis archive dc_c81250737cc4, sha256 2afa914fc0786a71c1f65ba510f889d89412b8b59f2b058fe01a05f3fed81bdd)

BibTeX

@misc{dcc81250737cc4,
  title = {Quantum computing — Wikipedia (en)},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia (en)},
  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_computing},
  note = {License CC-BY-SA-4.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_c81250737cc4; sha256 2afa914fc0786a71c1f65ba510f889d89412b8b59f2b058fe01a05f3fed81bdd},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC-BY-SA-4.0. Attribution: Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_computing. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

A quantum computer is a computer that represents and processes information using quantum states. Quantum computations exploit phenomena such as superposition, interference, and entanglement. Quantum computers have the potential to complete some calculations exponentially faster than classical computers. For example, a large-scale quantum computer could break widely used encryption schemes and aid physicists in performing physical simulations. However, current hardware implementations of quantum computation are largely experimental and suitable for only certain specialized tasks. The basic unit of information in quantum computing, the qubit (quantum bit), serves a similar function as the bit in ordinary or "classical" computing. Unlike a classical bit, which can be in one of two states (a binary), a qubit can exist in a linear combination of states known as a quantum superposition. The result of measuring a qubit is one of the two states, given by a probabilistic rule. If a quantum computer manipulates the qubit in a particular way, wave interference effects amplify the probability of the desired measurement result. Quantum algorithm design involves creating procedures that allow a quantum computer to perform this amplification. Quantum computers are not yet practical for real-world applications. If a physical qubit is not sufficiently isolated from its environment, it suffers from quantum decoherence, introducing noise (error) into calculations. Governments have invested in research aimed at developing qubits with longer coherence times and lower error rates. Example implementations include superconductors (which isolate an electrical current by eliminating electrical resistance) and ion traps (which confine a single atomic particle using electromagnetic fields). Researchers have claimed that quantum devices can outperform classical computers on specific tasks, a metric referred to as quantum advantage or quantum supremacy. Such tasks are not necessarily useful for real-world applications. As a result, as of 2026 demonstrations are best understood as scientific milestones rather than evidence for near-term deployment. Global government investment in quantum computing reached $10 billion by April 2025.

Tema degli esploratori: calcolo e infrastrutture (deposito sistematico; ricerca «supercomputer»).
Fonte: Wikipedia in inglese, voce «Quantum computing» — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_computing
Wikidata Q17995793 (dati Wikidata in CC0 1.0) — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17995793
Autori: i contributori di Wikipedia (cronologia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_computing?action=history).
Licenza: Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Il riuso richiede attribuzione e stessa licenza.
Estratto dell'introduzione non modificato nel contenuto; revisione 1378678809, consultata il 2026-10-05T22:47:43.934Z tramite l'API ufficiale di Wikipedia. Impronta SHA-256 dell'estratto: 84c38b0a0e397a8c4a5d51ff5867a94bc2757694fd33d509270a09b6b78e1771