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Parapatric speciation — Wikipedia (en)

Source: Wikipedia (en)
Original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parapatric_speciation
License (as archived): CC-BY-SA-4.0
Archived: 2026-10-07T23:11:54.348Z
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Parapatric speciation — Wikipedia (en) — Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parapatric_speciation (CC-BY-SA-4.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_c409590b4e32 (Metraipolis archive dc_c409590b4e32, sha256 337fb1b45b0bcc24942e195378586ce4b8314f5099758f93dd6708eedc6a36ad)

BibTeX

@misc{dcc409590b4e32,
  title = {Parapatric speciation — Wikipedia (en)},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia (en)},
  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parapatric_speciation},
  note = {License CC-BY-SA-4.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_c409590b4e32; sha256 337fb1b45b0bcc24942e195378586ce4b8314f5099758f93dd6708eedc6a36ad},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC-BY-SA-4.0. Attribution: Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parapatric_speciation. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

In parapatric speciation, two subpopulations of a species evolve reproductive isolation from one another while continuing to exchange genes. This mode of speciation has three distinguishing characteristics: 1) mating occurs non-randomly, 2) gene flow occurs unequally, and 3) populations exist in either continuous or discontinuous geographic ranges. This distribution pattern may be the result of unequal dispersal, incomplete geographical barriers, or divergent expressions of behavior, among other things. Parapatric speciation predicts that hybrid zones will often exist at the junction between the two populations. In biogeography, the terms parapatric and parapatry are often used to describe the relationship between organisms whose ranges do not significantly overlap but are immediately adjacent to each other; they do not occur together except in a narrow contact zone. Parapatry is a geographical distribution opposed to sympatry (same area) and allopatry or peripatry (two similar cases of distinct areas). Various "forms" of parapatry have been proposed and are discussed below. Coyne and Orr in Speciation categorise these forms into three groups: clinal (environmental gradients), "stepping-stone" (discrete populations), and stasipatric speciation in concordance with most of the parapatric speciation literature. Henceforth, the models are subdivided following a similar format. Charles Darwin was the first to propose this mode of speciation. It was not until 1930, when Ronald Fisher published The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection where he outlined a verbal theoretical model of clinal speciation. In 1981, Joseph Felsenstein proposed an alternative, "discrete population" model (the "stepping-stone" model). Since Darwin, a great deal of research has been conducted on parapatric speciation—concluding that its mechanisms are theoretically plausible, "and has most certainly occurred in nature".

Tema degli esploratori: scienze della vita e salute (deposito sistematico; categoria «Ecology»).
Fonte: Wikipedia in inglese, voce «Parapatric speciation» — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parapatric_speciation
Wikidata Q200722 (dati Wikidata in CC0 1.0) — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200722
Autori: i contributori di Wikipedia (cronologia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parapatric_speciation?action=history).
Licenza: Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Il riuso richiede attribuzione e stessa licenza.
Estratto dell'introduzione non modificato nel contenuto; revisione 1355792958, consultata il 2026-10-07T22:50:22.269Z tramite l'API ufficiale di Wikipedia. Impronta SHA-256 dell'estratto: 16d347099b8cdb0688d9dc56180a9b7a19a497ee5a2f4cbdc6584bb4100f4533