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Carnian pluvial episode — Wikipedia (en)

Source: Wikipedia (en)
Original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnian_pluvial_episode
License (as archived): CC-BY-SA-4.0
Archived: 2026-10-07T13:37:56.980Z
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Carnian pluvial episode — Wikipedia (en) — Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnian_pluvial_episode (CC-BY-SA-4.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_bee8a2f22aa1 (Metraipolis archive dc_bee8a2f22aa1, sha256 3e5fa18f3078c6530b9f6eb56464b7b0ffc19e7e47f2d7d9270f66c7edc7d1b4)

BibTeX

@misc{dcbee8a2f22aa1,
  title = {Carnian pluvial episode — Wikipedia (en)},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia (en)},
  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnian_pluvial_episode},
  note = {License CC-BY-SA-4.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_bee8a2f22aa1; sha256 3e5fa18f3078c6530b9f6eb56464b7b0ffc19e7e47f2d7d9270f66c7edc7d1b4},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC-BY-SA-4.0. Attribution: Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnian_pluvial_episode. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

The Carnian pluvial episode (CPE), often called the Carnian pluvial event, was a period of major change in global climate that coincided with significant changes in Earth's biota both in the sea and on land. It occurred during the latter part of the Carnian Stage, the first subdivision of the Late Triassic Epoch, and lasted for perhaps 1–2 million years (around 234–232 million years ago). Volcanic activity off the coast of North America led to global warming and increased rainfall on land, alongside a reduction of carbonate platforms in the oceans. Pluvial means "of or relating to rain; characterized by much rain, rainy." The CPE corresponds to a significant episode in the evolution and diversification of many taxa that are important today. The earliest dinosaurs (which include the ancestors of birds), lepidosaurs (the ancestors of modern-day lizards, snakes, and the tuatara) and potentially mammaliaforms (ancestors of mammals) all diversified during the event. In the marine realm it saw the first appearance among the microplankton of coccoliths and dinoflagellates, with the latter linked to the rapid diversification of scleractinian corals through the establishment of symbiotic zooxanthellae within them. The CPE also saw the extinction of many aquatic invertebrate species, especially among ammonoids, bryozoans, and crinoids. Evidence for the CPE is observed in Carnian strata worldwide and in sediments of both terrestrial and marine environments. On land, the prevailing arid climate across much of the supercontinent Pangea shifted briefly to a hotter and more humid climate, with a significant increase in rainfall and runoff. In the oceans, carbonate minerals such as limestone saw reduced deposition, leaving mud-rich layers as prominent geological markers. Carbonate disruption may reflect the extinction of many carbonate-forming organisms, but may also be due to a rise in the carbonate compensation depth, below which most carbonate shells dissolve and leave few carbonate particles on the ocean floor to form sediments. Climate change during the Carnian pluvial event is reflected in chemical changes in Carnian strata across the CPE. Major disruption to the carbon cycle and other natural systems show that global warming was prevalent at the time. This climate change was most likely linked to the eruption of extensive flood basalts and volcanic CO2 offgassing as the Wrangellia Terrane was accreted onto the northwestern end of the North American Plate.

Tema degli esploratori: terra, clima ed energia (deposito sistematico; ricerca «carbon cycle»).
Fonte: Wikipedia in inglese, voce «Carnian pluvial episode» — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnian_pluvial_episode
Wikidata Q5044049 (dati Wikidata in CC0 1.0) — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5044049
Autori: i contributori di Wikipedia (cronologia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnian_pluvial_episode?action=history).
Licenza: Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Il riuso richiede attribuzione e stessa licenza.
Estratto dell'introduzione non modificato nel contenuto; revisione 1375989960, consultata il 2026-10-07T13:10:04.721Z tramite l'API ufficiale di Wikipedia. Impronta SHA-256 dell'estratto: f06a5a48ee3ba67b54248ea20c5fa549f3a467873b60691eaf70293d7e49a7c7