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Vehicle-to-grid — Wikipedia (en)

Source: Wikipedia (en)
Original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle-to-grid
License (as archived): CC-BY-SA-4.0
Archived: 2026-10-15T19:05:51.662Z
SHA-256 of the archived text: 193108cf476a8f471771e5b3fa00e225567253f3b4b33a7c666db9f34cd58bc9
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Vehicle-to-grid — Wikipedia (en) — Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle-to-grid (CC-BY-SA-4.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_be49ddebf41f (Metraipolis archive dc_be49ddebf41f, sha256 193108cf476a8f471771e5b3fa00e225567253f3b4b33a7c666db9f34cd58bc9)

BibTeX

@misc{dcbe49ddebf41f,
  title = {Vehicle-to-grid — Wikipedia (en)},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia (en)},
  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle-to-grid},
  note = {License CC-BY-SA-4.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_be49ddebf41f; sha256 193108cf476a8f471771e5b3fa00e225567253f3b4b33a7c666db9f34cd58bc9},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC-BY-SA-4.0. Attribution: Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle-to-grid. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) describes a system in which a battery electric vehicle (BEV) also can discharge its battery, thus acting in a bidirectional way, to power a local electrical load (Vehicle-to-load V2L). While a small power inverter plugged into the 12 Volt system of an automobile is usually limited to 120 Watt, many modern BEV offer AC power sockets that can deliver up to 3600 W to any device, like a Coffeemaker, or even to another electric car (vehicle-to-vehicle V2V), or "off-grid" even to a whole house (vehicle-to-house V2H ). In these simple concepts, the AC phase is generated standalone, with supposedly 50 Hz or 60 Hz, 230 Volt or 115 Volt, and is not synchronised with the local electrical grid as fully-fledged V2G to the grid requires more advanced equipment, processes, permissions, financial transactions. The term Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) is also used for communication of any vehicle. In case of energy transfer, the vehicle also might be a plug-in electric vehicle (PEV or PHEV) that has a fuel cell or a combustion engine that powers a generator, with Diesel–electric powertrains powering vehicles up to locomotives and ships. With Vehicle-to-grid, electric cars could power whole countries for a few hours, especially when connected to existing rooftop solar power that is already properly grid-connected. Germany, for example, has over 100 GW in nameplate solar power that sits idle at night. As of October 2026 there are 33.37 GWh of registered grid-connected battery energy storage systems, enough to theoretically power the country for about 30 minutes, while an estimated capacity of 141.81 GWh is largely "off-grid" in the 2.17 Mio. BEV in Germany. Potentially, if all c. 50 million cars in Germany would be BEV, their capacity of 3200 GWh could power the country for two days while all other power plants are down. The financial incentive for V2G is to sell demand response services to the electrical grid. Such services are either backfeeding electricity to the grid, or reducing the rate of charge from the grid at different times of the day. Demand services reduce peak demands for grid supply, and hence reduce the probability of disruption from load variations. Plug-in electric vehicles include battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). They share the ability to store electricity in their on-board battery modules, which are typically used to propel the vehicle's electric engine. V2G allows some of this energy storage to be sent to the grid, turning the vehicle into a small-scale grid battery that is eligible for claiming feed-in tariffs. A 2015 report found that vehicle owners could receive significant payments by charging their EVs at off-peak times when grid electricity is cheaper, storing it in their car battery, and selling it back to the grid at peak times when electricity prices are higher due to congestion pricing. Rechargeable batteries have a finite number of charge cycles, as well as a limited she

Tema degli esploratori: terra, clima ed energia (deposito sistematico; ricerca «energy storage»).
Fonte: Wikipedia in inglese, voce «Vehicle-to-grid» — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle-to-grid
Wikidata Q1783938: «sistema per consentire ai veicoli a batteria di contribuire con l'energia elettrica alla rete elettrica» (dati Wikidata in CC0 1.0) — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783938
Autori: i contributori di Wikipedia (cronologia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle-to-grid?action=history).
Licenza: Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Il riuso richiede attribuzione e stessa licenza.
Estratto dell'introduzione non modificato nel contenuto; revisione 1379919813, consultata il 2026-10-15T18:25:30.478Z tramite l'API ufficiale di Wikipedia. Impronta SHA-256 dell'estratto: ad2021e298b0fb495c302b654da72f43083cc3121bd74bc1cb65a8edf494e0d5