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Population bottleneck — Wikipedia (en)

Source: Wikipedia (en)
Original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_bottleneck
License (as archived): CC-BY-SA-4.0
Archived: 2026-10-07T17:47:10.975Z
SHA-256 of the archived text: 4e106270b387b9268295ca8db331b26948e63f94c106a4aec5a548226971eec8
Stable URL of this page: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_bc24271e070f

How to cite

Population bottleneck — Wikipedia (en) — Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_bottleneck (CC-BY-SA-4.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_bc24271e070f (Metraipolis archive dc_bc24271e070f, sha256 4e106270b387b9268295ca8db331b26948e63f94c106a4aec5a548226971eec8)

BibTeX

@misc{dcbc24271e070f,
  title = {Population bottleneck — Wikipedia (en)},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia (en)},
  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_bottleneck},
  note = {License CC-BY-SA-4.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_bc24271e070f; sha256 4e106270b387b9268295ca8db331b26948e63f94c106a4aec5a548226971eec8},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC-BY-SA-4.0. Attribution: Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_bottleneck. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

A population bottleneck or genetic bottleneck is a sharp reduction in the size of a population due to environmental events such as famines, earthquakes, floods, fires, disease, and droughts; or human activities such as genocide, speciocide, widespread violence or intentional culling. Such events can reduce the variation in the gene pool of a population; thereafter, a smaller population, with a smaller genetic diversity, remains to pass on genes to future generations of offspring. Genetic diversity remains lower, increasing only when gene flow from another population occurs or very slowly increasing with time as random mutations occur. This results in a reduction in the robustness of the population and in its ability to adapt to and survive selecting environmental changes, such as climate change or a shift in available resources. Alternatively, if survivors of the bottleneck are the individuals with the greatest genetic fitness, the frequency of the fitter genes within the gene pool is increased, while the pool itself is reduced. The genetic drift caused by a population bottleneck can change the proportional random distribution of alleles and even lead to loss of alleles. The chances of inbreeding and genetic homogeneity can increase, possibly leading to inbreeding depression. Smaller population size can also cause deleterious mutations to accumulate. Population bottlenecks play an important role in conservation biology (see minimum viable population size) and in the context of agriculture (biological and pest control).

Tema degli esploratori: scienze della vita e salute (deposito sistematico; ricerca «molecular biology»).
Fonte: Wikipedia in inglese, voce «Population bottleneck» — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_bottleneck
Wikidata Q815715 (dati Wikidata in CC0 1.0) — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815715
Autori: i contributori di Wikipedia (cronologia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_bottleneck?action=history).
Licenza: Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Il riuso richiede attribuzione e stessa licenza.
Estratto dell'introduzione non modificato nel contenuto; revisione 1369785542, consultata il 2026-10-07T17:17:19.853Z tramite l'API ufficiale di Wikipedia. Impronta SHA-256 dell'estratto: 37d5e1bb07a67fbdc8690b6abc8bd5b03b13fed406bfc3b0a16394a76bed4038