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Evolutionary developmental biology — Wikipedia (en)

Source: Wikipedia (en)
Original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_developmental_biology
License (as archived): CC-BY-SA-4.0
Archived: 2026-10-23T15:24:38.737Z
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Evolutionary developmental biology — Wikipedia (en) — Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_developmental_biology (CC-BY-SA-4.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_bbfb5320249e (Metraipolis archive dc_bbfb5320249e, sha256 fe62a524c19346d022b205f4497643a7ead712bd02610a313f65c8cd90fa8a71)

BibTeX

@misc{dcbbfb5320249e,
  title = {Evolutionary developmental biology — Wikipedia (en)},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia (en)},
  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_developmental_biology},
  note = {License CC-BY-SA-4.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_bbfb5320249e; sha256 fe62a524c19346d022b205f4497643a7ead712bd02610a313f65c8cd90fa8a71},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC-BY-SA-4.0. Attribution: Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_developmental_biology. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

Evolutionary developmental biology, informally known as evo-devo, is a field of biological research that compares the developmental processes of different organisms to infer how developmental processes evolved. The field grew from 19th-century beginnings, where embryology faced a mystery: zoologists did not know how embryonic development was controlled at the molecular level. Charles Darwin noted that having similar embryos implied common ancestry, but little progress was made until the 1970s. Then, recombinant DNA technology at last brought embryology together with molecular genetics. A key early discovery was that of homeotic genes that regulate development in a wide range of eukaryotes. The field is composed of multiple core evolutionary concepts. One is deep homology, the finding that dissimilar organs such as the eyes of insects, vertebrates and cephalopod molluscs, long thought to have evolved separately, are controlled by similar genes such as pax-6, from the evo-devo gene toolkit. These genes are ancient, being highly conserved even across phyla; they generate the patterns in time and space which shape the embryo, and ultimately form the body plan of the organism. Another is that species do not differ much in their structural genes, such as those coding for enzymes; what does differ is the way that gene expression is regulated by the toolkit genes. These genes are reused, unchanged, many times in different parts of the embryo and at different stages of development, forming a complex cascade of control, switching other regulatory genes as well as structural genes on and off in a precise pattern. This multiple pleiotropic reuse explains why these genes are highly conserved, as any change would have many adverse consequences which natural selection would oppose. New morphological features and ultimately new species are produced by variations in the toolkit, either when genes are expressed in a new pattern, or when toolkit genes acquire additional functions. Another possibility is the neo-Lamarckian theory that epigenetic changes are later consolidated at gene level, something that may have been important early in the history of multicellular life.

Tema degli esploratori: scienze della vita e salute (deposito sistematico; ricerca «evolutionary biology»).
Fonte: Wikipedia in inglese, voce «Evolutionary developmental biology» — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_developmental_biology
Wikidata Q1044484 (dati Wikidata in CC0 1.0) — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1044484
Autori: i contributori di Wikipedia (cronologia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_developmental_biology?action=history).
Licenza: Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Il riuso richiede attribuzione e stessa licenza.
Estratto dell'introduzione non modificato nel contenuto; revisione 1374074441, consultata il 2026-10-23T15:10:27.883Z tramite l'API ufficiale di Wikipedia. Impronta SHA-256 dell'estratto: a546213d0b386f77d115b94271fd8606788fec8a3be06e9993618b893f6037f3