Metraipolis › archive › dc_98c69a02ca39

Correlation does not imply causation — Wikipedia (en)

Source: Wikipedia (en)
Original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlation_does_not_imply_causation
License (as archived): CC-BY-SA-4.0
Archived: 2026-10-15T15:19:44.758Z
SHA-256 of the archived text: 8f361559b82401fe3b8f7e8594a14102df9a18fff4e9c3aee785dad9f14dac0d
Stable URL of this page: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_98c69a02ca39

How to cite

Correlation does not imply causation — Wikipedia (en) — Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlation_does_not_imply_causation (CC-BY-SA-4.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_98c69a02ca39 (Metraipolis archive dc_98c69a02ca39, sha256 8f361559b82401fe3b8f7e8594a14102df9a18fff4e9c3aee785dad9f14dac0d)

BibTeX

@misc{dc98c69a02ca39,
  title = {Correlation does not imply causation — Wikipedia (en)},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia (en)},
  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlation_does_not_imply_causation},
  note = {License CC-BY-SA-4.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_98c69a02ca39; sha256 8f361559b82401fe3b8f7e8594a14102df9a18fff4e9c3aee785dad9f14dac0d},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC-BY-SA-4.0. Attribution: Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlation_does_not_imply_causation. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

The phrase "correlation does not imply causation" refers to the inability to legitimately deduce a cause-and-effect relationship between two events or variables solely on the basis of an observed association or correlation between them. The idea that "correlation implies causation" is an example of a questionable-cause logical fallacy, in which two events occurring together are taken to have established a cause-and-effect relationship. This fallacy is also known by the Latin phrase cum hoc ergo propter hoc ('with this, therefore because of this'). This differs from the fallacy known as post hoc ergo propter hoc ('after this, therefore because of this'), in which an event following another is seen as a necessary consequence of the former event, and from conflation, the errant merging of two events, ideas, databases, etc., into one. As with any logical fallacy, identifying that the reasoning behind an argument is flawed does not necessarily imply that the resulting conclusion is false. Statistical methods have been proposed that use correlation as the basis for hypothesis tests for causality, including the Granger causality test and convergent cross mapping. The Bradford Hill criteria, also known as Hill's criteria for causation, are a group of nine principles that can be useful in considering the epidemiologic evidence of a causal relationship . Ultimately, assumptions are always required to draw causal conclusions, and modern causal inference frameworks focus on interrogating the strength of these assumptions.

Tema degli esploratori: statistica e scienza dei dati (deposito sistematico; ricerca «causal inference»).
Fonte: Wikipedia in inglese, voce «Correlation does not imply causation» — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlation_does_not_imply_causation
Wikidata Q310486 (dati Wikidata in CC0 1.0) — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310486
Autori: i contributori di Wikipedia (cronologia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlation_does_not_imply_causation?action=history).
Licenza: Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Il riuso richiede attribuzione e stessa licenza.
Estratto dell'introduzione non modificato nel contenuto; revisione 1371652483, consultata il 2026-10-15T14:25:30.792Z tramite l'API ufficiale di Wikipedia. Impronta SHA-256 dell'estratto: 7ca1e8c72df556a412b9be8e6c19a2e3253549c97b3cd17c9871105c4bc695d7