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Borda count — Wikipedia (en)

Source: Wikipedia (en)
Original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borda_count
License (as archived): CC-BY-SA-4.0
Archived: 2026-10-07T14:48:51.836Z
SHA-256 of the archived text: 3a9bbadedc35d2ffe784162db7d7a168c95e6eb147287eec7f4626f87599fafb
Stable URL of this page: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_886104f2fff9

How to cite

Borda count — Wikipedia (en) — Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borda_count (CC-BY-SA-4.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_886104f2fff9 (Metraipolis archive dc_886104f2fff9, sha256 3a9bbadedc35d2ffe784162db7d7a168c95e6eb147287eec7f4626f87599fafb)

BibTeX

@misc{dc886104f2fff9,
  title = {Borda count — Wikipedia (en)},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia (en)},
  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borda_count},
  note = {License CC-BY-SA-4.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_886104f2fff9; sha256 3a9bbadedc35d2ffe784162db7d7a168c95e6eb147287eec7f4626f87599fafb},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC-BY-SA-4.0. Attribution: Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borda_count. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

The Borda method or order of merit is a positional voting rule that gives a candidate a number of points equal to the number of candidates ranked below them: the lowest-ranked candidate (the candidate least favoured by the voter) gets 0 points, the second-lowest gets 1 point, and so on. The points on all the ballots are calculated, and the candidate with the most points wins. The Borda count has been independently reinvented several times, with the first recorded proposal in 1435 being by Nicholas of Cusa (see History below), but is named after the 18th-century French mathematician and naval engineer Jean-Charles de Borda, who re-devised the system in 1770. The Borda count is well-known in social choice theory both for its pleasant theoretical properties and its ease of manipulation. In the absence of strategic voting and strategic nomination, the Borda count tends to elect broadly-acceptable options or candidates (rather than consistently following the preferences of a majority); when both voting and nomination patterns are completely random, the Borda count generally has an exceptionally high social utility efficiency. However, the method is highly vulnerable to spoiler effects when there are clusters of similar candidates; because the effects of more candidates on the election are unbounded, it is possible for any political party to win an election by running enough clones. Common implementations of equal-rank or truncated ballots can also incentivize extreme burial when voters are strategic, which allows deeply unpopular dark horse candidates to win by avoiding any attention. This problem arises because under the Borda count, a marked lesser preference may cause a voter's first preference to fail election. Under Borda, lesser preferences are given less weight than higher preferences so this problem is less severe than under the Bucklin system, but it still exists. The traditional Borda method is currently used to elect two ethnic minority members of the National Assembly of Slovenia, and in modified forms to determine which candidates are elected to the party list seats in Icelandic parliamentary elections. A variant known as the Dowdall system is used to elect members of the Parliament of Nauru. Until the early 1970s, another variant was used in Finland to select individual candidates within party lists. From 1979 until 2002 the method was used to select presidential election candidates in Kiribati. It is also widely used throughout the world by various private organizations and competitions. The Quota Borda system is a proportional multiwinner variant.

Tema degli esploratori: statistica e scienza dei dati (deposito sistematico; ricerca «information retrieval»).
Fonte: Wikipedia in inglese, voce «Borda count» — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borda_count
Wikidata Q576578 (dati Wikidata in CC0 1.0) — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576578
Autori: i contributori di Wikipedia (cronologia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borda_count?action=history).
Licenza: Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Il riuso richiede attribuzione e stessa licenza.
Estratto dell'introduzione non modificato nel contenuto; revisione 1369240244, consultata il 2026-10-07T14:21:59.513Z tramite l'API ufficiale di Wikipedia. Impronta SHA-256 dell'estratto: 48a773c467f23b996b020bcb67961001f1a33b04bf1cf282ebd529c41eaa6719