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Ultracold atom — Wikipedia (en)

Source: Wikipedia (en)
Original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultracold_atom
License (as archived): CC-BY-SA-4.0
Archived: 2026-10-07T19:38:36.918Z
SHA-256 of the archived text: e8d42d6c0f65c7fdec4be5cf50e7e43e5ec74db4e3390a109310df4dc4dc70cb
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Ultracold atom — Wikipedia (en) — Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultracold_atom (CC-BY-SA-4.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_7ef66abc41b8 (Metraipolis archive dc_7ef66abc41b8, sha256 e8d42d6c0f65c7fdec4be5cf50e7e43e5ec74db4e3390a109310df4dc4dc70cb)

BibTeX

@misc{dc7ef66abc41b8,
  title = {Ultracold atom — Wikipedia (en)},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia (en)},
  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultracold_atom},
  note = {License CC-BY-SA-4.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_7ef66abc41b8; sha256 e8d42d6c0f65c7fdec4be5cf50e7e43e5ec74db4e3390a109310df4dc4dc70cb},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC-BY-SA-4.0. Attribution: Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultracold_atom. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

In condensed matter physics, ultracold atoms are atomic gases with a temperature near absolute zero. At such temperatures, the atoms quantum-mechanical properties become important, especially through what is known as superfluidity, a phenomenon also displayed by Superfluid Helium 4. To reach such low temperatures, a combination of several techniques typically has to be used. First, atoms are trapped and pre-cooled via laser cooling in a magneto-optical trap. To reach the lowest possible temperature, further cooling is performed using evaporative cooling in a magnetic or optical trap. Several Nobel prizes in physics are related to the development of the techniques to manipulate quantum properties of individual atoms (e.g. 1989, 1996, 1997, 2001, 2005, 2012, 2018). Experiments with ultracold atoms study a variety of phenomena, including quantum phase transitions, Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC), bosonic superfluidity, quantum magnetism, many-body spin dynamics, Efimov states , Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) superfluidity and the BEC–BCS crossover. Some of these research directions utilize ultracold atom systems as quantum simulators to study the physics of other systems, including the unitary Fermi gas and the Ising and Hubbard models. Ultracold atoms could also be used for realization of quantum computers.

Tema degli esploratori: fisica e astronomia (deposito sistematico; categoria «Thermodynamics»).
Fonte: Wikipedia in inglese, voce «Ultracold atom» — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultracold_atom
Wikidata Q7880521 (dati Wikidata in CC0 1.0) — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7880521
Autori: i contributori di Wikipedia (cronologia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultracold_atom?action=history).
Licenza: Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Il riuso richiede attribuzione e stessa licenza.
Estratto dell'introduzione non modificato nel contenuto; revisione 1373276969, consultata il 2026-10-07T18:59:26.485Z tramite l'API ufficiale di Wikipedia. Impronta SHA-256 dell'estratto: 97e62fc2cea8b8798e5d9b7df417ac28056423c091c7d2d9d65d45a89444c601