Metraipolis › archive › dc_7d4dc514f321

Complement system — Wikipedia (en)

Source: Wikipedia (en)
Original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complement_system
License (as archived): CC-BY-SA-4.0
Archived: 2026-10-07T22:25:39.939Z
SHA-256 of the archived text: f1ae821854857030c607c8774ce8fa958a0e05df135bfd9e72aad89bd7e2507b
Stable URL of this page: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_7d4dc514f321

How to cite

Complement system — Wikipedia (en) — Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complement_system (CC-BY-SA-4.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_7d4dc514f321 (Metraipolis archive dc_7d4dc514f321, sha256 f1ae821854857030c607c8774ce8fa958a0e05df135bfd9e72aad89bd7e2507b)

BibTeX

@misc{dc7d4dc514f321,
  title = {Complement system — Wikipedia (en)},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia (en)},
  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complement_system},
  note = {License CC-BY-SA-4.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_7d4dc514f321; sha256 f1ae821854857030c607c8774ce8fa958a0e05df135bfd9e72aad89bd7e2507b},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC-BY-SA-4.0. Attribution: Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complement_system. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

The complement system, also known as complement cascade, is a part of the humoral, innate immune system and enhances (complements) the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells from an organism, promote inflammation, and attack the pathogen's cell membrane. Despite being part of the innate immune system, the complement system can be recruited and brought into action by antibodies generated by the adaptive immune system. The complement system consists of a number of small, inactive, liver synthesized protein precursors circulating in the blood. When stimulated by one of several triggers, proteases in the system cleave specific proteins to release cytokines and initiate an amplifying cascade of further cleavages. The result of this complement activation or complement fixation cascade is stimulation of phagocytes to clear foreign and damaged material, inflammation to attract additional phagocytes, and activation of the cell-killing membrane attack complex. About 50 proteins and protein fragments make up the complement system, including plasma proteins, and cell membrane receptors. They account for about 10% of the globulin fraction of blood serum. Three biochemical pathways activate the complement system: the classical complement pathway, the alternative complement pathway, and the lectin pathway. The alternative pathway accounts for the majority of terminal pathway activation and so therapeutic efforts in disease have revolved around its inhibition.

Tema degli esploratori: scienze della vita e salute (deposito sistematico; ricerca «immunology»).
Fonte: Wikipedia in inglese, voce «Complement system» — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complement_system
Wikidata Q334848 (dati Wikidata in CC0 1.0) — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334848
Autori: i contributori di Wikipedia (cronologia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complement_system?action=history).
Licenza: Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Il riuso richiede attribuzione e stessa licenza.
Estratto dell'introduzione non modificato nel contenuto; revisione 1366504254, consultata il 2026-10-07T22:06:38.791Z tramite l'API ufficiale di Wikipedia. Impronta SHA-256 dell'estratto: a4e1308644636666d4f8d71b7f3ace7d4b876b269add2e263ab3b3f6c0364ed9