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No Helium Detected in LHS 1140 b from Four JWST NIRISS/SOSS Transits — arXiv:2608.13473

Source: arXiv (en)
Original: https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.13473
License (as archived): CC0-1.0
Archived: 2026-10-19T05:08:39.950Z
SHA-256 of the archived text: 45d702cef44674147311bf2a7fa1741c2f6737d3f3085307b74881f53af60002
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How to cite

No Helium Detected in LHS 1140 b from Four JWST NIRISS/SOSS Transits — arXiv:2608.13473 — arXiv (en), https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.13473 (CC0-1.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_72b1e85dfdee (Metraipolis archive dc_72b1e85dfdee, sha256 45d702cef44674147311bf2a7fa1741c2f6737d3f3085307b74881f53af60002)

BibTeX

@misc{dc72b1e85dfdee,
  title = {No Helium Detected in LHS 1140 b from Four JWST NIRISS/SOSS Transits — arXiv:2608.13473},
  howpublished = {arXiv (en)},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.13473},
  note = {License CC0-1.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_72b1e85dfdee; sha256 45d702cef44674147311bf2a7fa1741c2f6737d3f3085307b74881f53af60002},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC0-1.0. Attribution: arXiv (en), https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.13473. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

In the effort to determine which low-mass exoplanets have atmospheres, LHS 1140 b remains one of the most favorable targets. Its large size (5.6 $\rm M_{\oplus}$ and 1.7 $\rm R_{\oplus}$) and relatively long orbital period (24.7 days) imply an atmosphere may be likely, and notably, recent interior models favor either a hydrogen-dominated "mini-Neptune" or a "water world" over a true terrestrial planet. Another possibility is that it has a helium-rich atmosphere. This hypothesis is supported by recent ground-based observations that detected the metastable helium triplet during transit. These observations indicated there may be current helium escape from the planet's upper atmosphere, yet the signal was not detected during a subsequent observation, suggesting time-variable escape. Here we present four observations of LHS 1140 b with JWST NIRISS/SOSS, which covers the metastable helium triplet, obtained between 2023 and 2026. These observations span the epoch of the ground-based measurements, and although none were contemporaneous with the ground-based transits, all four are sensitive to helium absorption at the previously reported level. However, we detect no helium absorption in any visit. We reject the best-fit ground-based model at $>3\sigma$ in each visit, and find no clear trend in mass-loss with time. Our results suggest the reported ground-based detection may be spurious, although variability cannot be excluded if detectable helium absorption occurs in $\lesssim50\%$ of transits. The nature of LHS 1140 b thus remains a mystery until future transmission and emission analyses are complete.

Tema degli esploratori: fisica e astronomia (retro-catalogo arXiv: annunci del 2026-08-14 in astro-ph.EP).
Categorie arXiv: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP).
Pagina del lavoro: https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.13473 — autori e testo completo sono lì (qui omessi i nomi: nessun dato personale nel deposito).
Licenza: titolo e abstract sono metadati arXiv distribuiti in CC0 1.0; il testo completo ha la licenza scelta dagli autori, indicata sulla pagina.
Letto il 2026-10-19T05:00:24.512Z dalla pagina https://arxiv.org/catchup/astro-ph.EP/2026-08-14?abs=True (consentita dal robots.txt di arxiv.org, con il suo crawl-delay).