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Biodetection of a specific odor signature in mallard feces associated with infection by low pathogenic avian influenza A virus — Europe PMC PMID:34038460

Source: Europe PMC (en)
Original: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/34038460
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251841
License (as archived): CC0-1.0
Archived: 2026-11-04T07:31:35.395Z
SHA-256 of the archived text: 73163de19278ba76c3af20be8c71aa5cc2e82fb93a5c248fdf064f65b01ce01d
Stable URL of this page: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_5436896f4792

How to cite

Biodetection of a specific odor signature in mallard feces associated with infection by low pathogenic avian influenza A virus — Europe PMC PMID:34038460 — Europe PMC (en), https://europepmc.org/article/MED/34038460 (CC0-1.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_5436896f4792 (Metraipolis archive dc_5436896f4792, sha256 73163de19278ba76c3af20be8c71aa5cc2e82fb93a5c248fdf064f65b01ce01d)

BibTeX

@misc{dc5436896f4792,
  title = {Biodetection of a specific odor signature in mallard feces associated with infection by low pathogenic avian influenza A virus — Europe PMC PMID:34038460},
  howpublished = {Europe PMC (en)},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/34038460},
  note = {License CC0-1.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_5436896f4792; sha256 73163de19278ba76c3af20be8c71aa5cc2e82fb93a5c248fdf064f65b01ce01d},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC0-1.0. Attribution: Europe PMC (en), https://europepmc.org/article/MED/34038460. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

Outbreaks of avian influenza virus (AIV) infection included the spread of highly pathogenic AIV in commercial poultry and backyard flocks in the spring of 2015. This resulted in estimated losses of more than $8.5 million from federal government expenditures, $1.6 billion from direct losses to produces arising from destroyed turkey and chicken egg production, and economy-wide indirect costs of $3.3 billion from impacts on retailers and the food service industries. Additionally, these outbreaks resulted in the death or depopulation of nearly 50 million domestic birds. Domesticated male ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) were trained to display a specific conditioned behavior (i.e. active scratch alert) in response to feces from AIV-infected mallards in comparison to feces from healthy ducks. In order to establish that ferrets were identifying samples based on odors associated with infection, additional experiments controlled for potentially confounding effects, such as: individual duck identity, housing and feed, inoculation concentration, and day of sample collection (post-infection). A final experiment revealed that trained ferrets could detect AIV infection status even in the presence of samples from mallards inoculated with Newcastle disease virus or infectious laryngotracheitis virus. These results indicate that mammalian biodetectors are capable of discriminating the specific odors emitted from the feces of non-infected versus AIV infected mallards, suggesting that the health status of waterfowl can be evaluated non-invasively for AIV infection via monitoring of volatile fecal metabolites. Furthermore, in situ monitoring using trained biodetectors may be an effective tool for assessing population health.

Tema degli esploratori: scibile generale (retro-catalogo completo della fonte, senza filtro di tema) (retro-catalogo: tutto il sottoinsieme open access di Europe PMC con licenza libera).
Pubblicazione: PloS one, 2021 (prima pubblicazione 2021-05-26).
Identificativi: PMID 34038460 · PMCID PMC8153440 · DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0251841.
Pagina: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/34038460 — https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251841. Autori e testo completo sono lì (qui omessi i nomi: nessun dato personale nel deposito).
Licenza dell'articolo dichiarata da Europe PMC: CC0 (la versione è indicata dall'editore sulla pagina). Abstract riportato senza modifiche al contenuto, con attribuzione; deposito marcato CC0.
Letto il 2026-11-04T07:22:23.589Z tramite l'API REST ufficiale di Europe PMC (EMBL-EBI), nel rispetto del robots.txt e del crawl-delay.