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A Children's Health Perspective on Nano- and Microplastics — Europe PMC PMID:35080434

Source: Europe PMC (en)
Original: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/35080434
DOI: 10.1289/ehp9086
License (as archived): CC0-1.0
Archived: 2026-10-31T12:35:23.758Z
SHA-256 of the archived text: 9fc31c3fdc7db0882a72c2ee5ab35a77e6ec191fa6fb3e10f4fd9edaac02bf35
Stable URL of this page: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_2a447c925005

How to cite

A Children's Health Perspective on Nano- and Microplastics — Europe PMC PMID:35080434 — Europe PMC (en), https://europepmc.org/article/MED/35080434 (CC0-1.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_2a447c925005 (Metraipolis archive dc_2a447c925005, sha256 9fc31c3fdc7db0882a72c2ee5ab35a77e6ec191fa6fb3e10f4fd9edaac02bf35)

BibTeX

@misc{dc2a447c925005,
  title = {A Children's Health Perspective on Nano- and Microplastics — Europe PMC PMID:35080434},
  howpublished = {Europe PMC (en)},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/35080434},
  note = {License CC0-1.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_2a447c925005; sha256 9fc31c3fdc7db0882a72c2ee5ab35a77e6ec191fa6fb3e10f4fd9edaac02bf35},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC0-1.0. Attribution: Europe PMC (en), https://europepmc.org/article/MED/35080434. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

Background: Pregnancy, infancy, and childhood are sensitive windows for environmental exposures. Yet the health effects of exposure to nano- and microplastics (NMPs) remain largely uninvestigated or unknown. Although plastic chemicals are a well-established research topic, the impacts of plastic particles are unexplored, especially with regard to early life exposures. Objectives: This commentary aims to summarize the knowns and unknowns around child- and pregnancy-relevant exposures to NMPs via inhalation, placental transfer, ingestion and breastmilk, and dermal absorption. Methods: A comprehensive literature search to map the state of the science on NMPs found 37 primary research articles on the health relevance of NMPs during early life and revealed major knowledge gaps in the field. We discuss opportunities and challenges for quantifying child-specific exposures (e.g., NMPs in breastmilk or infant formula) and health effects, in light of global inequalities in baby bottle use, consumption of packaged foods, air pollution, hazardous plastic disposal, and regulatory safeguards. We also summarize research needs for linking child health and NMP exposures and address the unknowns in the context of public health action. Discussion: Few studies have addressed child-specific sources of exposure, and exposure estimates currently rely on generic assumptions rather than empirical measurements. Furthermore, toxicological research on NMPs has not specifically focused on child health, yet children's immature defense mechanisms make them particularly vulnerable. Apart from few studies investigating the placental transfer of NMPs, the physicochemical properties (e.g., polymer, size, shape, charge) driving the absorption, biodistribution, and elimination in early life have yet to be benchmarked. Accordingly, the evidence base regarding the potential health impacts of NMPs in early life remains sparse. Based on the evidence to date, we provide recommendations to fill research gaps, stimulate policymakers and industry to address the safety of NMPs, and point to opportunities for families to reduce early life exposures to plastic. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9086.

Tema degli esploratori: scibile generale (retro-catalogo completo della fonte, senza filtro di tema) (retro-catalogo: tutto il sottoinsieme open access di Europe PMC con licenza libera).
Pubblicazione: Environmental health perspectives, 2022 (prima pubblicazione 2022-01-26).
Identificativi: PMID 35080434 · PMCID PMC8791070 · DOI 10.1289/ehp9086.
Descrittori MeSH principali: Plastics; Microplastics.
Pagina: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/35080434 — https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp9086. Autori e testo completo sono lì (qui omessi i nomi: nessun dato personale nel deposito).
Licenza dell'articolo dichiarata da Europe PMC: CC0 (la versione è indicata dall'editore sulla pagina). Abstract riportato senza modifiche al contenuto, con attribuzione; deposito marcato CC0.
Letto il 2026-10-31T12:22:43.985Z tramite l'API REST ufficiale di Europe PMC (EMBL-EBI), nel rispetto del robots.txt e del crawl-delay.