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Statistical significance — Wikipedia (en)

Source: Wikipedia (en)
Original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_significance
License (as archived): CC-BY-SA-4.0
Archived: 2026-10-06T12:38:42.853Z
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Statistical significance — Wikipedia (en) — Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_significance (CC-BY-SA-4.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_06f7448fa253 (Metraipolis archive dc_06f7448fa253, sha256 87ac1d904fb53a53fa02afc724aee414970b4c84a38caf3efa451a6485fcbff5)

BibTeX

@misc{dc06f7448fa253,
  title = {Statistical significance — Wikipedia (en)},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia (en)},
  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_significance},
  note = {License CC-BY-SA-4.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_06f7448fa253; sha256 87ac1d904fb53a53fa02afc724aee414970b4c84a38caf3efa451a6485fcbff5},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC-BY-SA-4.0. Attribution: Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_significance. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

In statistical hypothesis testing, a result has statistical significance when a result at least as extreme would be very infrequent if the null hypothesis were true. More precisely, a study's defined significance level, denoted by α {\displaystyle \alpha } , is the probability of the study rejecting the null hypothesis, given that the null hypothesis is true; and the p-value of a result, p {\displaystyle p} , is the probability of obtaining a result at least as extreme, given that the null hypothesis is true. The result is said to be statistically significant, by the standards of the study, when p ≤ α {\displaystyle p\leq \alpha } . The significance level for a study is chosen before data collection, and is typically set to 5% or much lower—depending on the field of study. In any experiment or observation that involves drawing a sample from a population, there is always the possibility that an observed effect would have occurred due to sampling error alone. But if the p-value of an observed effect is less than (or equal to) the significance level, an investigator may conclude that the effect reflects the characteristics of the whole population, thereby rejecting the null hypothesis. This technique for testing the statistical significance of results was developed in the early 20th century. The term significance does not imply importance here, and the term statistical significance is not the same as research significance, theoretical significance, or practical significance. For example, the term clinical significance refers to the practical importance of a treatment effect.

Tema degli esploratori: statistica e scienza dei dati (deposito sistematico; ricerca «statistical inference»).
Fonte: Wikipedia in inglese, voce «Statistical significance» — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_significance
Wikidata Q425265: «possibilità rilevante che compaia un determinato valore» (dati Wikidata in CC0 1.0) — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265
Autori: i contributori di Wikipedia (cronologia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_significance?action=history).
Licenza: Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Il riuso richiede attribuzione e stessa licenza.
Estratto dell'introduzione non modificato nel contenuto; revisione 1361974577, consultata il 2026-10-06T10:54:49.526Z tramite l'API ufficiale di Wikipedia. Impronta SHA-256 dell'estratto: 4490811517ee2e43adaba35a11a26c82debb6fa308a83a3d805bd427a2eae642