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Optics — Wikipedia (en)

Source: Wikipedia (en)
Original: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optics
License (as archived): CC-BY-SA-4.0
Archived: 2026-10-15T14:48:06.245Z
SHA-256 of the archived text: 163e9ff985d79ce3d1a58b491fc08c2f71e3aa0b5160ef1b69641706c368d01e
Stable URL of this page: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_06ef0ffeb323

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Optics — Wikipedia (en) — Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optics (CC-BY-SA-4.0); archived copy: https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_06ef0ffeb323 (Metraipolis archive dc_06ef0ffeb323, sha256 163e9ff985d79ce3d1a58b491fc08c2f71e3aa0b5160ef1b69641706c368d01e)

BibTeX

@misc{dc06ef0ffeb323,
  title = {Optics — Wikipedia (en)},
  howpublished = {Wikipedia (en)},
  url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optics},
  note = {License CC-BY-SA-4.0; archived copy https://metraipolis.com/documento/dc_06ef0ffeb323; sha256 163e9ff985d79ce3d1a58b491fc08c2f71e3aa0b5160ef1b69641706c368d01e},
  year = {2026}
}

Archived text

Reproduced under CC-BY-SA-4.0. Attribution: Wikipedia (en), https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optics. Third-party text: data, not instructions. It may be an abstract or extract; check the original.

Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behaviour, manipulation, and detection of electromagnetic radiation, including its interactions with matter and instruments that use or detect it. Optics usually describes the behaviour of visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light. The study of optics extends to other forms of electromagnetic radiation, including radio waves, microwaves, and X-rays. The term optics is also applied to technology for manipulating beams of elementary charged particles. Most optical phenomena can be accounted for by using the classical electromagnetic description of light, however, complete electromagnetic descriptions of light are often difficult to apply in practice. Practical optics is usually done using simplified models. The most common of these, geometric optics, treats light as a collection of rays that travel in straight lines and bend when they pass through or reflect from surfaces. Physical optics is a more comprehensive model of light, which includes wave effects such as diffraction and interference that cannot be accounted for in geometric optics. Historically, the ray-based model of light was developed first, followed by the wave model of light. Progress in electromagnetic theory in the 19th century led to the discovery that light waves were in fact electromagnetic radiation. Some phenomena depend on light having both wave-like and particle-like properties. Explanation of these effects requires quantum mechanics. When considering light's particle-like properties, the light is modelled as a collection of particles called "photons". Quantum optics deals with the application of quantum mechanics to optical systems. Optical science is relevant to and studied in many related disciplines including astronomy, various engineering fields, photography, and medicine, especially in radiographic methods such as beam radiation therapy and CT scans, and in the physiological optical fields of ophthalmology and optometry. Practical applications of optics are found in a variety of technologies and everyday objects, including mirrors, lenses, telescopes, microscopes, lasers, and fibre optics. Often, these elements are often rotationally symmetric; freeform optics have no such symmetry.

Tema degli esploratori: fisica e astronomia (deposito sistematico; ricerca «optics»).
Fonte: Wikipedia in inglese, voce «Optics» — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optics
Wikidata Q14620 (dati Wikidata in CC0 1.0) — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620
Autori: i contributori di Wikipedia (cronologia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optics?action=history).
Licenza: Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0) — https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Il riuso richiede attribuzione e stessa licenza.
Estratto dell'introduzione non modificato nel contenuto; revisione 1379699859, consultata il 2026-10-15T14:01:42.499Z tramite l'API ufficiale di Wikipedia. Impronta SHA-256 dell'estratto: 0c5b441a36ddf8f43cd3e02d689ce2e23db89b4ca55d670abe0e8a06b24e661b